The communication systems of dogs are not simple and sometimes difficult to understand.  The primary reason for this is because communication involves context.  DVM, Karen Overall (2004), states, “All signals are interpreted in light of other body postures and with respect to external factors occurring at the time the animal offers the signal” (p. 2S, [...]

During this past Holiday season, some of us may have welcomed a new dog or puppy into our home.  This is certainly true for me.  One of my son’s friends recently surrendered a six-month old dachshund / Chihuahua mix to me because he could no longer financially care for the precious pup.  Establishing routines and [...]